顶部位置

自然地理

保加利亚位于欧洲巴尔干半岛东南部。北面与罗马尼亚接壤，南面毗邻土耳其和希腊，西面邻接塞尔维亚和马其顿，东濒黑海。海岸线长378公里。全境70%为山地和丘陵。境内低地、丘陵、山地各约占三分之一。平均海拔470米。巴尔干山脉横贯中部，以北为广阔的多瑙河平原，以南为罗多彼山地和马里查河谷低地。主要山脉还有里拉山脉（主峰穆萨拉峰海拔2925米，为巴尔干半岛最高峰）。主要河流为多瑙河和马里查河：多瑙河流经北部边境，其支流伊斯克尔河纵贯西北境。南有马里查河及其支流登萨河。

【气候】北部属大陆性气候，南部属地中海式气候，冬季较暖。平均气温1月：-2～2℃，7月：23～25℃。年平均降水量平原450毫米，山区1300毫米。

【地形】自然条件优越，拥有山地、丘陵、平原等多种地形，湖泊、河流纵横，森林覆盖率约30%。

Country comparison Comparison of Balkan Countries

A short table, presenting the main facts that you need to know in order to make an informed choice about buying real estate in any of the Balkan countries.

Comparison of Balkan Countries

Parameters	Bulgaria	Greece	Montenegro	Croatia
Average real estate prices	Low.	Average.	Average.	Average.
Limitation for Non EU citizens to purchase real estate in the country	No. Land must be held by a Bulgarian Ltd. Company owned by the Non EU citizen	Yes, in some regions of the country.	No.	Yes. Only a legal entity can buy real estate in Croatia.
Purchase of land by foreigners	Only a legal entity can purchase land.	Only a legal entity can purchase land.	Possible, if the total area of the land is less than 5,000 square meters.	Impossible.
Membership in the EU	Yes.	Yes.	No.	No.
Membership in the Schengen area	Not yet (expected date of entering the Schengen area – November 2013).	Yes.	No.	No.
Membership in the Euro zone	No.	Yes.	No.	No.
Visa for Non EU citizens	Required.	Required.	Not required.	Not required (if their stay is up to 90 days).
Possibility for Non EU citizens to obtain residence permit	Yes.	Yes. Depends on the income.	Not needed.	Yes. Only for investors.
Possibility to get a loan in the country	Yes, with a very simplified procedure.	Yes.	No. Only an installment plan.	No. Only an installment plan.
Commission for a real estate agency	Paid by the seller.	2% of the sum of the deal, paid by the buyer.	On the primary market is paid by the seller - 3-5% of the property’s value .	6% - shared in half by both the seller and the buyer.
Property taxes and expenses	Tax on transfer of property - about 2%. Registration of the property in state archives - 0.01%. Notary services - about 0.4%. Registration and stamp duty - 0.1-1.5%. Municipal taxes per year - 0.35-0.45%. Utility expenses per year - about 700 EUR. Tax on transfer of property - 9-19%. Municipal tax - 3%. Registration of the property in the Mortgage registry – 0.5%. Attorney's fees - 1%. Notary fee - 500 EUR. Notary expenses - 1%. Republican tax – 0.354-0.944%. Municipal taxes, including electricity bill – 0.025-0.035%. Utility expenses per year – about 1,500 EUR. Tax on transfer of property - 3%. Real estate tax – 0.08-0.8%. Attorney’s fees- 100-500 EUR. Utility expenses per year - about 1,000 EUR. Tax on transfer of property - 5%. Registration in the land cadaster – 0.01-0.05%. Attorney’s fees - 3000 EUR. Utility expenses per year - 800-1,000 EUR. Property tax per year – 0.7-2 EUR/square meter.
Living expenses	Very low.	Average.	Low.	Low.
Economy after the crisis	Stable growth.	Reduced rate of development, huge debts. The new wave of the crisis.	Stable growth.	Stable.
Political environment	Stable.	Unstable.	Stable.	Unstable.
Investment possibilities	Good.	Average.	Good.	Average.
Protection of property rights	Guaranteed.	Guaranteed.	Yes.	Yes.
Transport infrastructure	Good.	Great.	Good.	Good.
Location	Border of the EU, in the heart of the Balkan Peninsula.	Border of the EU, in the Southern part of the Balkan Peninsula.	In the western part of the Balkan peninsula.	In the western part of the Balkan peninsula.
Climate	Mild, moderate continental.	Mediterranean, sub-tropical.	Mediterranean.	Moderate continental. Mediterranean.
Opportunities for recreation and entertainment	Excellent.	Excellent.	Excellent.	Excellent.
Presence of internationally recognized universities	Yes.	Yes.	No.	Yes.
Main ethnic group	Slavic.	Greek.	Slavic.	Slavic.
Official language	Bulgarian.	Greek.	Serbian.	Croatian.
Religion	Orthodox Christianity.	Orthodox Christianity	Orthodox Christianity	Catholic Christianity

Legend:

Basis for the comparison of prices of real estate - the comparison of prices is based on similar characteristics of the properties (quality, location, area) compared to average prices in the EU;
Basis for the comparison of expenses – based on the average consumer basket in the EU;
Basis for the comparison of the transport infrastructure – based on the number of highways and main roads in the country;
Basis for the comparison of investment opportunities – based on the complexity of the procedure and the cost per year for the registration and operation of a company;